Gay socialist writer Edward Carpenter had an extraordinary impact on the cultural and polical landscape of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, An advocate of, among other causes, free love, recycling, nudism, women's suffrage and prison reform. Carpenter believed that a transformation in attitudes to personal relations and sexuality was central to any attempt to transform society on a larger scale. His work anticipated the sexual revolution of the 1960s and placed him at the epicentre of the literary culture of his day.